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    Peer-Reviewed Papers

    Explore published research on mitochondrial function, cellular energy, (-)-epicatechin, vascular biology, and related metabolic pathways. Browse by specialization below to quickly find the papers most relevant to your interests.

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    MASLD Biomarkers and Epicatechin Modulation

    Study Title: Modulation of molecular and serological biomarkers by (−)-epicatechin consumption on a murine model of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

    Citation: Hidalgo et al., 2025 · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

    What the Study Found: In a murine model of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), (−)-epicatechin consumption modulated key molecular and serological biomarkers of liver inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress. The treatment improved lipid metabolism markers and reduced disease progression signals. These changes highlight the flavanol’s ability to influence liver cellular energy pathways.

    What this means in real life: MASLD develops when mitochondria in liver cells struggle with fat overload and oxidative stress, leading to inflammation and scarring. This study shows that (−)-epicatechin can positively shift those biomarkers, supporting healthier mitochondrial function and slowing disease progression. Mitochondrial support is a promising approach for maintaining liver resilience under modern metabolic stress.

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    Flavanol Nutraceuticals and Nonalcoholic Liver Disease

    Study Title: Is it possible to treat nonalcoholic liver disease using a flavanol-based nutraceutical approach? Basic and clinical data

    Citation: Hidalgo et al., 2022 · J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol

    What the Study Found: This review examines basic and clinical evidence on (−)-epicatechin and EGCG for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It highlights (−)-epicatechin’s ability to promote mitochondrial biogenesis, improve lipid metabolism, and exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antifibrotic effects. These actions collectively support better liver energy handling and reduced disease progression.

    What this means in real life: The liver depends on healthy mitochondria to break down fats and manage energy; when mitochondrial function declines, fat builds up and inflammation follows. This review shows that (−)-epicatechin can enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and lipid metabolism in the liver, offering a practical nutraceutical route to slow NAFLD. At Mitozz we focus on mitochondrial health because supporting cellular energy production helps the liver stay resilient under modern metabolic stress.

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    Perilipin Expression and Liver Fat Metabolism in NASH

    Study Title: Effects of (−)-epicatechin on the time course of the expression of perilipins in a diet-induced model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

    Citation: Hidalgo et al., 2020 · Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

    What the Study Found: In a diet-induced NASH model, (−)-epicatechin reduced weight gain and lowered triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, and the TG/HDL ratio. It modulated the time-course expression of perilipins (key proteins regulating lipid droplet formation and breakdown) in the liver. These changes slowed typical disease progression markers.

    What this means in real life: The liver is a major mitochondrial hub for fat metabolism; when mitochondria are stressed, fat droplets accumulate and inflammation rises. This study shows that (−)-epicatechin helps regulate lipid-handling proteins (perilipins), supporting healthier fat metabolism and protecting mitochondrial function in the liver. Mitochondrial support offers a practical way to promote long-term liver resilience under metabolic challenge.

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