Peer-Reviewed Papers

Explore published research on mitochondrial function, cellular energy, (-)-epicatechin, vascular biology, and related metabolic pathways. Browse by specialization below to quickly find the papers most relevant to your interests.

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Flavonoids from dark chocolate and (-)-epicatechin ameliorate high-fat diet-induced decreases in mobility and muscle damage in aging mice

Nájera et al., 2020 · Food Bioscience.

Effects of (−)-epicatechin on molecular modulators of skeletal muscle growth and differentiation

Gutierrez-Salmean et al., 2014 · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

Cocoa to Improve Walking Performance in Older People With Peripheral Artery Disease: The COCOA-PAD Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial

McDermott et al., 2020 · Circulation Research

Epicatechin-Enriched Cacao Subproducts Improve Cognition in Older Subjects: Proof of Concept

Nájera et al., 2025 · Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences.

High Flavonoid Cocoa Supplement Ameliorates Plasma Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Levels While Improving Mobility and Quality of Life in Older Subjects: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Munguia et al., 2019 · The Journals of Gerontology Series A
In older adults, regular high-flavonoid cocoa intake improved oxidative stress, inflammation, physical performance, and quality-of-life measures.

Recovery of Indicators of Mitochondrial Biogenesis, Oxidative Stress, and Aging With (-)-Epicatechin in Senile Mice

Moreno-Ulloa et al., 2015 · The Journals of Gerontology Series A
In senile mice, (-)-epicatechin restored markers linked to mitochondrial biogenesis and improved oxidative-stress and aging-related indicators.

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